Individual itineraries and the circulation of scientific and technical knowledge in East Asia (16th–20th centuries)

Zhang Gong was MInggantu's student together with Chen Jixin at the Astronomical Bureau

Composition by Li Ye 李冶 . This title is mentioned in the biography of Gu Yingxiang 顧應祥. It may be another name for a book mentioned in Tang Shunzhi's biography in CRZ (Chou ren zhuan).

Founded 1271.

Metropolitan Graduate jinshi 進士 during the Zhishun 至順 era of the Yuan dynasty.

Occupied post of Directorate of Muslim Astronomy, Huihui sitian 回回司天監 in Yuan period. Father of Aduci 阿都刺 and Dieliyueshi 迭里月實.

Ministry in the Chinese government, one of the six ministries

Move of Ming capital from Nanjing 南京 to Beijing 北京 , 1421 (New Year's Day)

Teacher of Bei Lin 貝琳. Held post of Vice Minister of the Court of the Imperial Stud (Taipu shaoqing 太業少卿).

Teacher of Bei Lin 貝琳. Held post of Gentleman-attendant (lang 郎) of the Imperial Observatory [of the Five Offices] (Wuguan lingtai 五官靈台) in the Directorate of Astronomy (Qintianjian 欽天監)

Teacher of Bei Lin 貝琳. Held post of Erudite who was Manager of the Calendar (Sili boshi 司曆博士).

Military service during the Zhengtong (1436-1449) and Jingtai (1450-1457) periods. His talents for astronomy (tianxiang 天象) and astrology (zhanhou 占候) were recognised during this time and resulted in his promotion to the Directorate of Astronomy (Qintianj

Imperial student 太學生

Appointment to Jianzheng 監正 (Supervisor) in the Qintianjian 欽天監 (Directorate of Astronomy) in Zhengtong 14.

Position as Tianwen sheng 天文生 (Student of Astronomy), at the time of Emperor Jingdi 景帝(r. 1450-1457, Zhu Qiyu 朱祁钰). His advice on the calendar was taken. Occurs in the biography of Peng Deqing 彭德清

Obtained his jinshi degree in Jingtai reign period, xinwei year 景泰辛未.

Metropolitan graduate 進士(傳臚)

Is nominated as Shujishi 庶吉士 in the Imperial Academy 翰林院

Co-edits Huan yu tong zhi 環宇通志

Is nominated as Bianxiu 編修 of the Imperial Academy after the edition of Huan yu tong zhi 環宇通志

Return to Beijing to take up Position of Erudite of the Water Clock (Louke boshi 漏刻博士) in the Directorate of Astronomy (Qintianjian 欽天監). First year of the Tianshun reign period, with Yingzong on the throne.

Promotion to Gentleman-attendant (lang 郎) of the Imperial Observatory [of the Five Offices] (Wuguan lingtai 五官靈臺) in the Directorate of Astronomy (Qintianjian 欽天監). First year of the Tianshun reign period, with Yingzong on the throne.

Is nominated as Shijiang 侍講

Edits Ying zong huang di shi lu 英宗皇帝實錄

Position of President of the Ministry of Rites (Libu shangshu 禮部尚書), or Minister of Rites

Position was Qintianjian zheng 欽天監正 (Supervisor of the Directorate of Astronomy) during the Chenghua period.

Implementation of recommendations of Wu Hao 吳昊 in Chenghua period.

Recommendation of Wu Hao to position of Directors of Calendrical Calculations in the Five Offices (Wuguan baozhangzheng 五官保章正) by Libu shangshu 禮部尚書 Tong Shiang 童士昂 in the Chenghua period, then subsequently promoted to Director of the Directorate of Astro

Recommendation of Wu Hao to position of Directors of Calendrical Calculations in the Five Offices (Wuguan baozhangzheng 五官保章正) by Libu shangshu 禮部尚書 Tong Shiang 童士昂 in the Chenghua period.

Is nomiated as Shijiang xueshi 侍講學士 after the edition Ying zong huang di shi lu 英宗皇帝實錄

Promotion to Director (Jianfu 監副) of the Directorate of Astronomy (Qintianjian 欽天監), date given http://www.zwbk.org.

Compilation of this systematic introduction to Arabic astronomy and the Islamic calendar systemby Bei Lin 貝琳. We are told that he worked on it between Chenghua 6 (1470=02=01 ～ 1471=01=20) and Chenghua 13 (1477=01=15 ～ 1478=02=02), and that from this time

Compilation of the astronomical work Qi zheng tui bu 七政推步. We are told that he worked on it between Chenghua 6 (1470=02=01 ～ 1471=01=20) and Chenghua 13 (1477=01=15 ～ 1478=02=02), and that it was in circulation from this time onward. Also, it had somethin

Appointment to Vice Minister (Shao qing 少卿) of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices (Taichangsi 太常寺), and put in charge as office attendant (jian shi 監事) in Chenghua 10.

Edits Song yuan gang mu 宋元綱目

Is nominated as Xueshi 學士 of the Imperial Academy and Chancellor of the Directorate of Education (Guozijian Jijiu 國子監祭酒)

Observation of eclipse of the moon led him to see mistake in calendar.

Submission of memorial to the emperor complaining about the calendar submitted by Yu Zhengji 俞正己. The text of the memorial is in the biography of Yu Zhengji in the Ming shi.

Is nominated as Vice Minister of the Ministry of Rites (Libu shilang 禮部侍郎)

Birth in Zhili 直隸.

Position of Libu shangshu 禮部尚書 (Minister of Rites), became minister in 1481 and served over a decade. Assessed Yu Zhengji's 俞正己 astronomical work, Gai li yi 改曆議, criticized him for using only Huang ji jing shi shu 皇極經世書, and was responsible for Yu's impr

Work that Zhou Hongmo 周洪謨 criticized Yu Zhengji 俞正己 for using to the exclusion of others.

Presentation of Gai li yi 改曆議 to the emperor in Chenghua 17 by Yu Zhengji 俞正己.

Work presented to the Emperor in Chenghua 17 by Yu Zhengji 俞正己. Tong Xuan 童軒 and the Ministry of Rites (Li bu 禮部) were summoned to consult it.

Group summoned after completion of work in Chenghua 17.

Meeting with Yu Zhengji took place after the eclipse of 1479=12=29; must also be after compilation of Gai li yi 改曆議

Yu Zhengji 俞正己 was thrown in prison on account of his compilation of Gai li yi 改曆議 . DMB suggests that Zhou Hongmo 周洪謨 was instrumental in this action. It also suggests that his was a minor offense, just because he "recommended calendar reforms".

Position of Tianwen sheng 天文生 (Student of Astronomy). Sent letter to emperor asking for change in the calendar in Chenghua 19. Emperor said no (and fired him? ba 罷).

Is nominated as Minister of the Ministry of Rites (Libu shangshu 禮部尚書) and Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent (Taizi taibao 太子太保)

Is nominated as Grand Academician in the Hall of Military Glory (Wuyingdian daxueshi 武英殿大學士)

Submission of memorial stating se of Guo Shoujing's 郭守敬 system.

Death, date given in http://www.zwbk.org.

Death in 1491. Hanlin compiler and later high minister, but not a very good astronomer.

Highest position attained in his career was Libu shangshu 禮部尚書, Minister of Rites.

Promotion to Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices (Taichangsi shaoqing 太常寺少卿).

Is nominated as Shijishi 庶吉士 of Hanlin Academy 翰林院

Award of jinshi degree, Hongzhi 18 (1505)

Is nominated as Jiantao 檢討 of Hanlin Academy 翰林院

Jinshi degree in Hongzhi 18.

Award of jinshi degree, Hongzhi 18.

Composition of Ce yuan suan shu 測圜算術

Composition of Gou gu qiu rong fang yuan lun shuo 句股求容方圓論說

Composition of Hu shi suan shu 弧矢算術

Composition of Hu shi lun shuo 弧矢論說

Composition of Fang yuan lun shuo 方圓論說

Composition of Shou shi li fa cuo yao 授時曆法撮要

Promoted to Taichangsi zheng qing 太常寺正卿 (Chief Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices) in the beginning of the Zhengde period. Baidu says it was Zhengde 1.

Memorial to the emperor in the Zhengde period saying that there is something wrong with the new calendrical system and it needs further study. Should go back to the old system for the time being. He says "at present" Zhengde yihai (1515=01=15 ～ 1516=02=02

Position of Zhongguan zheng 中官正 (Director of the Mid-year Office, one of 5 seasonal Offices of calendrical specialists in the Directorate of Astronomy, Qintianjian 欽天監).

Position of Erudite of the Waterclock (Louke boshi 漏刻博士) in Zhengde period.

Appointment as Imperial Commissioner (Youxuan shizhe 輏軒使者), Zhengde 1.

Is nominated as Shujishi 庶吉士, then Bianxiu 編修 in the Hanlin Academy 翰林院

Death in office, some time after the beginning of the Zhengde period. According to Baidu, it was Zhengde 4, 6th month.

Appointment to Summoner of the Censors and Remonstrators (Taijian zhengzhao臺諫徵召). But because he was so young, he was first appointed (補) as Registrar of the Imperial Bodyguard (Jinyi weijingli錦衣衛經歷), in Zhengde 6.

Recommendation to investigate into discrepancies in calendar in Zhengde 12-13.

A calendar of the "Western Regions" (Xiyu 西域), called Jiu zhi li fa 九執曆法 in the Ming shi. Mentioned in the biography of Zhu Yu 朱裕. The Islamic calendar experts advocated that it be investigated.

Is nominated as Classic lecturer of Hanlin Academy (Hanlin shidu jingyan jiangguan 翰林侍讀經筵講官), officier in the department of Transmission (Tongzheng taichangqing 通政太常卿), and vice censors of the Censorate (Duchayuan fuduyushi 都察院副都御史)

Appointment to Vice Director in the Ministry of Rites (Libu Yuanwailang 禮部員外郎) in Zhengde 15.

Mention of eclipse of the sun that occurred on Zhengde 9th year, 8th month, xinmao (1514=08=20) in a memorial he sent to the emperor. This memorial must have been after his appointment to Vice Director in the Ministry of Rites in Zhengde 15, but before hi

Secretary of the Ministry of Works (Gongbu zhushi 工部主事), probably before Zhengde 16.

Promotion to Vice Minister of the Court of Imperial Entertainments (Guanglu shaoqing 光祿少卿) in Zhengde 16 because he understand the calendrical system (lifa 曆法). He was in charge of matters relating to the Directorate of Astronomy (Qintianjian 欽天監)

Death in Jiajing 1.

Submission of proposal to change the calendar during the Jiajing period, but it was not followed.

Author of a memorial discussing the origin of the calendar (beginning with the Yellow Emperor), mentioning the various reforms that were done to it in the past (presented in Jiajing 2).

Award of jinshi degree, Jiajing 2 or Jiajing 8

Position of Prefectural Aide in Shuntian (Shuntian fucheng 順天府丞), in charge of the affairs of the Directorate of Astronomy (Qintianjian 欽天監)

Comment on the conjunction of the five planets (wuxing 五星) to the emperor in Jiajing 3 caused him to fall into disfavour. He was thrown into the prison of the Brocade Guards (Jinyi yu 錦衣獄). Through the efforts of the other officials (dachen 大臣) he was re

Understanding of Islamic mathematics (Huihui shufa 回回術法)

Composition by Tang Shunzhi 唐順之.

Composition by Tang Shunzhi 唐順之.

Passing first in the national examinations (huishi會試), Jiajing 8.

Composition of Ju gu suan shu 句股算術

Is nominated as a small official in the Imperial Academy Hanlin 翰林孔目, and soon as secretary in the Grand Secretariat 中書，內閣

Appreciates Huang Ji and his works

Is sub-Censor of 左副都御史 the Censorate 都察院

Is nominated as Vice Minister of the Ministry of Rites (Libu zuoshilang 禮部左侍郎) and consultant

Offers special medication to the emprore

Appointment as Minister of Punishments (Xingbu shangshu 刑部尚書), Jiajing 29 (嘉靖庚戌) ; DMB calls it Ministry of Justice.

Composition of Ce yuan hai jing fen lei shi shu 測圜海鏡分纇釋術, a work in 10 juan

Becomes director (langzhong 郎中) of the Bureau of Civil Affairs (hebu 戶部)

Highest post was Right Assistant Censor-in-Chief (Youqiandu yushi 右僉都御史).

Death in Tongzhou 通州. He was 54 sui.

Is nominated as staff who charges the Zhejiang affaires in the Ministry of Revenue 戶部浙江司員外

Staff in the Imperial Archives 秘閣 and lecteur for emperors 經筵

Co-compiles Shi zong shi lu 世宗實錄

Co-compiles Mu zong shi lu 穆宗實錄

Is nominated as consultant 參議 of Buzhengsi 布政司 of Henan 河南

Publication of Da tong li fa 大統曆法 by Zhou Xiang 周相 in Longqing 3.

Publication of Da tong li fa 大統曆法 in Longqing 3.

Is nominated as Erudite of Classic Studies (Guoxue boshi 國學博士)

Miaofeng gets a copy of Beicang jing 北藏經

Position of Like jishizhong 禮科給事中 (Supervising Secretary for the Office of Scrutiny for Rites). On his advice, the Huihui li 回回曆 was included within the Datong li 大統曆. He served during the Wanli period.

Incorporation of Huihui li into Datong li 大統曆 during the Wanli period (Shenzong) (1573-1620), using the advice of Hou Xianchun 侯先春 , who was Like jishizhong 禮科給事中 (Supervising Secretary for the Office of Scrutiny for Rites)

Award of Jinshi degree. Had been awarded Juren degree in 1570.

Is friend of Wen Zhengming and his father

Is friend of Wang Shizhen 王世貞

Is friend of Wang Shimao 王世懋

Is elder-brother of Wang Shimao 王世懋

Is friend of Huangfu Pang 皇甫汸

Is friend of Huangfu Chong 皇甫沖

Is friend of Huangfu Xiao 皇甫涍

Is friend of Huangfu Lian 皇甫濂

Is brother of Huangfu Chong 皇甫沖

Is brother of Huangfu Lian 皇甫濂

Is brother of Huangfu Xiao 皇甫涍

Is friend of Wang Zhideng 王稚登

Is teacher of Wang Zhideng 王稚登

Retires

Is elder-brother of Xiao Liangyu 蕭良譽

Award of jinshi degree; Shenzong gengchen, as given in Chou ren zhuan

Scores Xiao Liangyou 蕭良有's examination paper

The second place of the metropolitan examination 榜眼

Miaofeng meets Empress Dowager

Is nominated as the Vice Minister of the Ministry of War (bingbu shilang 兵部侍郎) and leads the expedition against the Japnese

Is employed staff assistant in the office of Zhao Zhigao

Writes Bing lüe 兵略

Appreciates Bing lüe 兵略

Is nominated as historiographer for compling Yudie 玉牒, Baoxun 寶訓 and Shilu 實錄

Writes Huang ming da zheng zuan 皇明大政纂

Writes Qing li ji 慶曆集

Writes Gong che ji 公車集

Is nominated as staff of the Ministry of Revenue (Hubu zhushi 戶部主事)

Lends the money and sends his son Zeng Juhuan 曾居渙 to bring the body of Ye Chunji 葉春及 home after his death in Beijing

Lends the money and sends his son Zeng Juhuan 曾居渙 to bring the body of Wu Shaodong 吳少東 home after his death in Beijing

Saves Dong Shixian 董仕賢 in trouble

Saves Lü Guangwu 呂光武 in trouble

Appointment as Director of the Astronomical Bureau; he stayed in this post for three years.

Is nominated as Vice Minister of the Ministry of Personnel (Libu youshilang 吏部右侍郎) and Reader-in-waiting Academician (Shidu xueshi 侍讀學士)

Award of jinshi degree in Shenzong wuxu.

Appointment as Examining Editor in the Hanlin Academy (Hanlin yuan jiantao 翰林院檢討)

Award of jinshi degree in Shenzong 32

Collaboration on translation of Euclid's Elements of Geometry and Ci liang fa yi 測量法義 (Methods of Measurement Explained)

Mention by Xu Guangqi of Zhou bi suan jing. Xu Guangqi is quoted in Ruan Yuan's biography in Chou ren zhuan but the source of the quote is not given.

Mention by Xu Guangqi of Jiu zhang suan shu. Xu Guangqi is quoted in Ruan Yuan's biography in Chou ren zhuan but the source of the quote is not given.

Mention by Xu Guangqi of Li Ye 李冶's Ce yuan hai jing 測圜海鏡. Xu Guangqi is quoted in Ruan Yuan's biography in Chou ren zhuan but the source of the quote is not given.

Composition and translation of Celiang fayi 測量法義 (Methods of Measurement Explained)

Membership of team to write and translate Ce liang fa yi 測量法義

Membership of team to write and translate of Ce liang fa yi 測量法義

Award of juren degree during the reign of the Shenzong (Wanli) emperor in the bingwu (34th) year.

Composition of Li ti lue 曆體略 in 3 juan, some time after receipt of the juren degree in Shenzong 34.

Composition of Gou gu yi 勾股義 in 1 juan.

Composition of Ce liang yi tong 測量異同

Appointment as Director of the Five Offices of calendrical specialists (Wu guan zheng 五官正)

Advocate of openness toward Western astronomical knowledge; recommended following precedent of translating foreign astronomical texts set by Emperor Hongwu with regard to Arab astronomy

Mention in Li Zhizao's biography as one of the calendar experts at the time. Probably referring to around 1610.

Appointment as Zhifang langzong 職方郎中: Director of the Bureau of Operations, a top-echelon agency in the Ministry of War.

Baptism under the name Leo/Leon

Submission of petition to the emperor that Western missionaries have a place of burial in China

Summons of Xing Yunlu to the capital to engage in work on the calendar. Shenzong 38.

Composition of a memorial explaining the slight discrepancy between the prediction and the time of the actual eclipse in Shenzong 38, 11th month. DMB says: "Spoke out on calendrical bureau's miscalculation of the solar eclipse (see Sabatino de Ursis)."

Collaborative work on the calendar. Date of Eclipse that was wrongly predicted and caused Chinese astronomers to look to Western knowledge.

Meeting of Li Zhizao and Nicholas Trigault.

Meeting of Li Zhizao and Lazare Cattaneo.

Meeting of Li Zhizao and Sebastian Fernandez

Membership of team to translate Euclid's Elements of Geometry, published in 1611

Translation of this work; Chinese version entitled Ji he yuan ben 幾何原本, published in 1611

In Beijing

Award of Jinshi degree in Shenzong guichou year (41st year)

Award of jinshi degree in Shenzong bingchen 神宗丙辰, Wanli 44.

Submission of Qizheng zhenshu 七政真數 to the throne in Shenzong 44

Composition by Xing Yunlu 邢雲路 of Qizheng zhenshu 七政真數 submitted to the throne in Shenzong 44.

Promotion to Secretary of the Bureau of Operations (Zhifang zhushi 職方主事) in the Ministry of War (Bing bu 兵部).

Author of Li fa xin shu 曆法新書 in five juan.

Document prepared and submitted (downward) to the Board of Rites about calendar calculation methods Tianqi 1.

Appointment as Right Shilang of the Board of Rites (Libu you shilang 禮部右侍郎) in Tianqi 3

Posthumous name of Xiangwen 襄文 given to Tang Shunzhi in Chongzhen 崇貞 period (Ming).

Appointment as Head of the Five Offices of Calendar specialists (Wu guan zheng 五官正) in the Astronomy Bureau (Qintianguan 欽天官), at the time of the solar eclipse on Chongzhen 2, 5th month, yiyou day.

Appointment as President of the Board of Rites

Measurements conducted for the lunar eclipse of the 17th day, 10th month, Chongzhen 2.

Mention of Zhou li by Xu Guangqi, after the lunar eclipse of the 17th day of the 10th month of Chongzhen 2.

Western Astronomers who joined the Astronomy Bureau and worked with Xu Guangqi who recommended the founding of this Office for collaboration between Chinese and Western astronomers on the guimao day of the 9th month of Chongzhen 2.

Membership of Deng Yuhan in group of collaborators with Xu Guangqi on calendrical reform

Membership of Long Huamin in group of collaborators with Xu Guangqi on calendrical reform

Membership of Adam Schall von Bell in group of collaborators with Xu Guangqi on calendrical reform

Commission: revision of the Chinese calendar

Summoned to Beijing by Schall

Schall, who works on the calendar reform calls Rho to Beijing to collaborate on the calander reform

Commission: reform of the Chinese calendar

Made astronomical instruments

Made telescope for the emperor

Made mathematical tables

Rho presented memorials to the Emperor

Responded to criticism by officials

Rho uses Copernicus's works

Rho uses Galileo's works

Request that Leng Shouzhong give to the astronomical bureau the books he had on calendrical mathematics in Chongzhen 3

Death in Beijing [astronomer at Chinese Court]

Death in office

Service in the Ming Astronomy Bureau (Qintianjian 欽天監) as Official Student Apprentice (xuexi guansheng 學習官生)

Service in the Ming Astronomy Bureau (Qintianjian 欽天監) as Examiner (fangju 訪舉) government student (xiangsheng 庠生)

Collaboration between Xu Guangqi and Zhou Yun to improve accuracy of measurements.

Service in the Ming Astronomy Bureau (Qintianjian 欽天監) as Head of the Autumn Calendrical Office (Qiu guan zheng 秋官正) around the time of collaboration with Xu Guangqi 徐光啓

Collaboration between Xu Guangqi and Liu Youqing to improve accuracy of measurements.

Service in the Ming Astronomy Bureau (Qintianjian 欽天監) as Compiler attached to the Five Offices of Calendrical Specialists (Wu guan si shu 五官司書) at the time of collaborating with Xu Guangqi 徐光啓

Service in the Ming Astronomy Bureau (Qintianjian 欽天監) as Erudite of the Waterclock (louke boshi 漏刻博士) at the time of collaborating with Xu Guangqi 徐光啓

Collaboration between Xu Guangqi and Liu Chengzhi 劉承志 to improve accuracy of measurements.

Collaboration between Xu Guangqi and Zhou Shichang 周士昌 to improve accuracy of measurements.

Service in the Ming Astronomy Bureau (Qintianjian 欽天監) as Student Astronomer (Tianwen sheng 天文生) at the time of collaborating with Xu Guangqi 徐光啓

Collaboration between Xu Guangqi and Xue wencan 薛文燦 to improve accuracy of measurements.

Collaboration between Xu Guangqi and Luo Yagu to improve the accuracy of measurements.

Publication of two volumes, Li yuan 曆元 and Li ce 曆測, under the name of his son, Wei Xiangqian 魏象乾. These works were refuted by Johann Adam Schall von Bell.

Refutation by Adam Schall von Bell of two volumes written by Wei Wenkui 魏文魁 , Li yuan 曆元 and Li ce 曆測, under the name of his son, Wei Xiangqian 魏象乾

Publication of Li yuan 曆元 by Wei Wenkui 魏文魁, under the name of his son, Wei Xiangqian 魏象乾, refuted by Johann Adam Schall von Bell.

Publication of Li ce 曆測 by Wei Wenkui 魏文魁, under the name of his son, Wei Xiangqian 魏象乾, refuted by Johann Adam Schall von Bell.

Refutation by Adam Schall von Bell of this work written by Wei Wenkui 魏文魁 , under the name of his son, Wei Xiangqian 魏象乾

Composition of Li yuan 曆元 by Wei Wenkui 魏文魁, under the name of his son, Wei Xiangqian 魏象乾

Composition of Li ce 曆測 by Wei Wenkui 魏文魁, under the name of his son, Wei Xiangqian 魏象乾

Mention of Wei Wenkui in the biography of Xin Yunlu in Chou ren zhuan, saying that they got along well together and that this had something to do with Xing's composition of Gu jin lu li kao.

Composition of Xue li xiao bian by Adam Schall von Bell, written to refute the calendrical explanations presented by Wei Wenkui 魏文魁 in Li yuan 曆元 and Li ce 曆測

Presentation of Li shu zong mu 曆書總目 in 1 juan to the emperor in the 1st month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Ri chan shu zhi 日躔術指 in 2 juan in the 1st month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Ce tian yue shuo 測天約說 in 2 juan in the 1st month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Da ce 大測 in 2 juan in the 1st month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Ri chan biao 日躔表 in 2 juan in the 1st month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Ge yuan ba xian biao 割圓八綫表 in 6 juan in the 1st month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Huang dao sheng du biao 黃道升度表 in 7 juan in the 1st month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Huang chi dao ju du biao 黃赤道距度表 in 1 juan in the 1st month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Tong lü biao 通率表 in 2 juan in the 1st month of Chongzhen 4

Composition by Xu Guangqi to refute the postion of Wei Wenkui 魏文魁

Observation of lunar eclipse and discussion, wuwu day, 4th month of Chongzhen 4

Collaboration between Xu Guangqi and Tang Ruowang to improve accuracy of measurements.

Presentation of Ce liang quan yi 測量全義 in 10 juan in the eighth month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Heng xing li zhi 恆星曆指 in 3 juan in the 8th month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Heng xing li biao 恆星曆表 in 4 juan in the 8th month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Heng xing zong tu 恆星總圖 in 1 zhe 摺; in the 8th month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Heng xing tu xiang 恆星圖像 in 1 juan; in the 8th month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Kui ri jie ding'e 揆日解訂訛 in 1 juan; in the 8th month of Chongzhen 4

Presentation of Bi li gui jie 比例規解 in 1 juan; in the 8th month of Chongzhen 4

Test of solar eclipse prediction on the xinchou day of the 10th month of Chongzhen 4

Mention by Xu Guangqi of the lunar eclipse on the 15th day of the 4th month of Chongzhen 4 (1631=05=15) in argument refuting the views of Wei Wenkui 魏文魁

Mention by Xu Guangqi of Wei Wenkui's 魏文魁 work Li Yuan 曆元